How have USB Type-C connectors for consumer electronics evolved?

Connectors are typically used to serially connect devices to a bus, and the USB Type-C connector has become the universal connector since its introduction in the early 1990s. It was primarily introduced to create a connection between computers and peripheral devices such as keyboards, printers and external disk drives. Today however it is used in a variety of areas, from consumer electronics to smartphones and even medical devices, and it has had a rich history of evolution.

Evolution of connectors:In the early days, these connectors were used to simplify connections by combining the functionality of multiple custom interfaces with a single connector. The increased demand for higher data transfer rates led to the improvisation of USB connectors through several generations. The current evolution has reached USB Type-C, which supports the SuperSpeed USB 3.1 protocol with data transfer rates of 10Gb / s, 20V / 5A and 9 to 24 contacts. The connector has also been redesigned to be fully reversible in the socket and supports bi-directional power and data transfer. In addition, the connector helps to reduce the number of potential points of failure, lower maintenance costs and simplify device installation, making it suitable for a wide range of designs. With the addition of two high-speed signal pairs in the USB Type-C connector, alternate mode communications or multiple high-speed interfaces such as HDMI, DisplayPort and other interfaces and cables that previously required additional special ports can be established. Additional standard USB Type-C connectors with copper alloy contacts are typically suitable for most consumer electronic devices and are primarily designed for use indoors or in other protected environments, such as smartphones, laptops and tablets, televisions, in-vehicle infotainment and GPS systems, and telecommunication devices.

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