How do coaxial cables work?

I. How does coaxial cable work? Coaxial cable is divided into four layers from the inside out: the central copper wire (single solid wire or multi-stranded stranded wire), plastic insulator, mesh conductive layer and the outer skin of the wire. The central copper wire and the mesh conductive layer form the current loop. This is because the central copper wire and the mesh conductive layer are coaxial. Coaxial cables conduct alternating current rather than direct current, which means that the direction of the current reverses several times per second. If a normal wire is used to transmit high-frequency current, the wire is the equivalent of an antenna transmitting radio outwards, losing signal power and reducing the strength of the received signal. Coaxial cables are designed to solve this problem. The radio emitted by the central wire is isolated by a mesh conductive layer which controls the emitted radio by grounding it. Coaxial cables also suffer from the problem that if the cable undergoes a large crush or twisting deformation in one section, the distance between the center wire and the mesh conductive layer is not always consistent, which results in the internal radio waves being reflected back to the signal transmitting source. This effect reduces the power of the receivable signal. To overcome this problem, a layer of plastic insulator is added between the center wire and the mesh conducting layer to ensure that the distance between them is always consistent. This also results in a cable that is relatively stiff and not easily bendable.

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