What are the automotive connector design fundamentals, knowledge, concepts, and specifications?

An automotive connector is a key component that connects different electrical or electronic devices to an automotive circuit. It can withstand the harsh conditions of vibration, temperature, humidity, and corrosion in the automotive environment and ensure that electrical signals and power are reliably transmitted between devices. Here are some introductions about automotive connector design basics, knowledge, concepts and specifications: Basics The basic components of an automotive connector include the connector shell, plug and socket. The plug is the common part of the connector and the socket is the specialized part of the connector. The connector shell is used to protect the plug and receptacle and to protect the metal contacting parts inside the connector by means of the connector's pressure ring and seal. Typically, connectors need to be electrically and mechanically tested to ensure that they meet the specified performance requirements. Knowledge and Philosophy Designing automotive connectors requires consideration of several factors: (1) Electrical parameters: including parameters such as current, voltage, resistance, capacitance and inductance. (2) Mechanical parameters: including connector durability, vibration and shock resistance, connection force and the number of insertion and extraction parameters. (3) Environmental parameters: including the use of connectors in different environments such as different temperatures, humidity and chemical substances. (4) Safety and reliability: the design of connectors needs to take into account safety and reliability factors, such as waterproof, dustproof and fireproof. (5) R&D and manufacturing costs: automotive connectors need to consider costs, including design and R&D costs, manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. Regulating the design of automotive connectors requires compliance with a series of specifications and standards. The following are some of the major automotive connector specifications and standards: (1) ISO 6722: automotive cable specifications, including parameters such as cable color, size and material. (2) SAE J2030: Automotive connector standard, including electrical and mechanical parameters for plugs and sockets. (3) IEC 60529: Standard for protection levels, including water, dust and shock ratings. (4) UL 94: Material fire resistance standard for evaluating the fire resistance of connector shells. (5) RoHS: Environmental protection directive that requires connectors and other automotive components to be free of hazardous substances containing lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium and other hazardous substances.

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