What is a transportation rail connector?

Transportation rail connectors are parts that connect rails or connect rails and sleepers. The former is called the joint connection parts; the latter is called the intermediate connectors. The role of the traffic track connector is to ensure that the rail and sleeper long-term reliable connection, as far as possible to maintain the continuity and integrity of the rail, to prevent longitudinal movement of the rail relative to the sleeper, to ensure that the gauge is normal, give full play to the buffer vibration damping under the power of rolling stock performance, slowing down the accumulation of residual deformation of the line.

Transportation track connectors include cleats, bolts and spring washers, etc. ① Cleats. Often called fishtail plates, they are made of the same steel as the rail. Most of them are double-ended, with beveled top and bottom sides, wedged against the bottom and bottom-top surfaces of the rail head. ② Bolt. A fastener that clamps the rail by pressure from a nut on the clamping plate. To prevent the nut from loosening due to train vibration after tightening, spring washers should be added. The bolts are generally made of high carbon steel and should not be too large in diameter to avoid excessive weakening of the rail and plywood. In some, nylon sleeves are added around the bolts to reduce vibration and prevent the nuts from loosening. Rail joints are the weak link of the rail. To reduce the number of rail joints, standard lengths of rail can be welded together to form a length of long rail. Transportation rail connectors, also known as fasteners, are available in various combinations depending on the type of rails used together. (1) Timber sleeper fasteners, including ordinary spikes and iron plates. The advantage of this type of fastener is that it has fewer parts and is easier to install, but the tightening force is small. In order to improve the performance of wood sleeper fasteners, many use threaded dowels or spring dowels instead of ordinary dowels, or use a variety of fasteners on concrete railroad ties. ② Concrete railroad sleeper fasteners, including ground bolts, iron pads, buckles, elastic pads and so on. Ground bolts. There are various fixing methods to fix the buckles. China's railroads use sulfur anchors are made of sulfur, yellow sand, cement, paraffin wax mixed in a certain proportion, heated and melted into a colloid, injected into the railroad sleeper reserved holes. As a medium for fixing the ground bolts, it has good pull-out resistance, durability and insulating properties. Iron bedding plate. It plays the role of dispersing the vertical pressure of the rail, plus the shoulder can partially bear the lateral force transmitted by the rail. However, it is generally not required due to the high compressive strength of concrete rails. Clip plate. There are two types:rigid and elastic. Rigid fasteners are mainly buckling plate type; elastic buckles are of two types, i.e., shrapnel type using plate and elastic bar type using bar. Elastic cushion. It plays the role of cushioning and vibration damping when the train passes through, and can improve the insulation performance of concrete track sleepers. There are rubber base plate, plastic base plate, cork rubber base plate and wood base plate, of which the rubber base plate is more effective. Fastener type concrete railroad sleeper fasteners and alternative fastener plate elastic rod type concrete railroad sleeper fasteners are widely used in China's railroad. These fasteners rely on adjusting the number of fasteners of snap fasteners or the number of baffle seats and gauge baffles of spring-loaded fasteners to adjust the gauge. The disadvantage of ground bolt fastening fasteners is that they are time-consuming to install and maintain.

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