Classification of common fiber optic connectors

According to different classification methods, fiber optic connectors can be divided into different types, according to the different transmission media can be divided into single-mode fiber optic connectors and multi-mode fiber optic connectors; according to the different structures can be divided into FC, SC, ST, D4, DIN, Biconic, MU, LC, MT and other types; according to the connector pin end face can be divided into FC, PC (UPC) and APC; according to the fiber core Number of points and single-core, multi-core points. In the actual application process, we generally follow the different fiber optic connector structure to distinguish. The following is a brief introduction to some of the more common fiber optic connectors: (1) FC type fiber optic connector this connector was first developed by Japan NTT. FC is an abbreviation for Ferrule Connector, indicating that its external reinforcement is the use of a metal sleeve, the fastening method for the screw buckle. The earliest, FC type of connector, the use of ceramic pins on the butt face is a flat contact (FC). This type of connector structure is simple, easy to operate, easy to produce, but the fiber optic end face is more sensitive to microdust, and easy to produce Fresnel reflection, to improve the return loss performance is more difficult. Later, the type of connector to make improvements, the use of butt end face is spherical pin (PC), while the external structure has not changed, so that the insertion loss and return loss performance has improved substantially. (2) SC-type fiber optic connector This is a fiber optic connector developed by NTT Japan. Its shell is rectangular, the pin and coupling sleeve used in the structure of the dimensions of the FC-type identical, in which the end face of the pin more PC or APC-type grinding method; fastening method is the use of insertion and removal of the pin latch type, do not need to rotate. Such connectors are inexpensive, easy to insert and remove the operation, intervene in the loss of small fluctuations, high compressive strength, high installation density. (3) Biconic Connector (Biconic Connector) This kind of fiber optic connector in the most representative products developed by the United States Bell Labs, which consists of two precision molding end is truncated conical cylindrical plug and an internal biconical plastic sleeve coupling components. (4) DIN47256 type fiber optic connector which is a connector developed by Germany. This connector adopts the pin and coupling sleeve structure size and FC type the same, end face processing using PC grinding. Compared with the FC-type connector, its structure is a little more complex, the internal metal structure of the control pressure of the spring, can be avoided due to excessive pressure to avoid damage to the end face of the mating pressure. In addition, the mechanical precision of this connector is higher, so the value of intervening loss is smaller. (5) MT-RJ type connector MT-RJ started in the NTT development of the MT connector, with the RJ-45 type LAN electrical connector with the same latch mechanism, through the installation of a small casing on both sides of the guide pin aligned to the optical fiber, in order to facilitate the connection with optical transceivers, connector end face optical fiber for the double-core (interval of 0.75mm) arrangement design is mainly used for the transmission of data, next-generation, high-density optical Connector. (6) LC-type connector LC-type connector is Bell Research Institute research and development, using easy-to-operate modular jack (RJ) latch mechanism made. The size of the pins and sleeves used is half the size of ordinary SC, FC, etc., for 1.25 mm, which can improve the density of fiber optic connectors in the optical distribution frame. At present, in the single-mode SFF, LC-type connectors have actually dominated the application of multimode is also growing rapidly. (7) MU-type connector MU (Miniature unit Coupling) connector is currently the most used SC-type connector as the basis for the development of the world's smallest single-core fiber optic connector, developed by NTT, the connector using a 1.25mm diameter sleeve and self-holding mechanism, the advantage of which lies in the ability to achieve high-density installation. Utilizing the MU's l.25mm diameter sleeve, NTT has developed a series of MU connectors. They include socket-type optical connectors (MU-A series) for fiber optic cable connections, baseboard connectors (MU-B series) with a self-holding mechanism, and simplified sockets (MU-SR series) for connecting LD/PD modules to plugs. With the rapid development of fiber optic networks toward greater bandwidth and capacity and the wide application of DWDM technology, the demand for MU-type connectors will also grow rapidly.

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