What is a wire harness? And wiring harness applications and functions?

In modern automobiles, wiring harnesses, electronic control systems and wiring harnesses have a close relationship. Some people once played an image of the metaphor: if the microcomputer, sensors and the function of the executive element with the human body to the analogy, it can be said that the microcomputer is equivalent to the human brain, the sensor is equivalent to the sensory organs, the executive element is equivalent to the movement of the tube, then the wiring harness is the nerves and blood vessels.

Automotive wiring harness is the main body of the network of automotive circuits, connecting the electrical and electronic components of the car and make it function, without the wiring harness there is no automotive circuits. At present, whether it is a luxury car or economic ordinary car, the wiring harness is basically the same form, are composed of wires, plug-ins and wrapping tape, which should ensure the transmission of electrical signals, but also to ensure the reliability of the connection circuit, to the electronic and electrical components to supply the specified value of the current, to prevent electromagnetic interference with the surrounding circuit, and to exclude electrical short-circuit. Automotive wiring harness from the function, there are two kinds of power lines and signal lines that carry the power to drive the executive element (actuator) and transmit the sensor input instructions. Power line is a thick wire to transport large currents, while the signal line is not carrying power of fine wires (fiber optic communication); for example, the signal circuit with a wire cross-sectional area of 0.3, 0.5mm2. In the motor, the implementation of the component with a wire cross-sectional area of 0.85, 1.25mm2, while the power supply circuit with a wire cross-sectional area of 2, 3, 5mm2; and special circuits (starter, alternator, engine) is a special circuit (starter, alternator, engine). The special circuit (starter, alternator, engine grounding wire, etc.) are 8, 10, 15, 20mm2 different specifications. The larger the cross-sectional area of the wire, the larger the current capacity. Wire selection, in addition to considering the electrical properties, but also by the vehicle when the physical properties of the constraints, so its choice of a wide range. For example, the wires between the frequently opened/closed doors and across the body of a rental car should consist of wires with good flexural properties. For wires used in high-temperature areas, vinyl chloride and polyethylene-coated wires with good insulation and heat resistance are generally used. In recent years, the use of electromagnetically shielded wires for weak signal circuits has also increased. With the increase in automobile functions, the universal application of electronic control technology, more and more electrical parts, wires will be more and more, the number of circuits in the car with a significant increase in electricity consumption, the wiring harness also becomes thicker and heavier. This is a big problem that needs to be solved, how to make a large number of harnesses in the limited space of the car how to be more effective and reasonable layout, so that the automobile harness to play a greater function, has become a problem faced by the automobile manufacturing industry.

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