Introduction to the functionality of automotive connectors

Mechanical function: automotive connector mechanical function including mechanical life, pull and insert force, mechanical anti-dumbness, etc. 1. Mechanical life of durability: a plug and a pull out for a cycle, in order to plug and pull out the cycle in the rules of the connector after the normal end of the coupling function (such as touch resistance value) as a basis for judging.

2. Insertion and extraction force: is an important mechanical function, insertion and extraction force is divided into insertion force and extraction force (respectively). Insertion force should be small (then there are low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF structure), and separate force if too small, will affect the reliability of the touch. Connector insertion and extraction force and mechanical longevity and touch parts of the structure of the touch parts of the quality of plating and touch parts placed on the standard accuracy. Here can also be slightly subdivided: a) Terminal insertion force is the terminal inserted into the Housing positioning after the consumption of the most powerful force. b) Terminal adherence force is the terminal out of the Housing consumed by the smallest force. c) Insertion force refers to the male and female seat with the most powerful force consumed by the desire to insert. d) Pull-out force refers to the male and female seat with the smallest force consumed by the desire to pull out. e) PIN adhere to the force is to make Wafer in the PIN pin from its insulator when the minimum force required. Electrical function: the electrical function of the connector mainly includes: limit current, touch resistance, insulation resistance and resistance to electric strength, etc. 1. additional voltage: the maximum operating voltage recommended by the consumer factory, depends primarily on the insulation material used, the size of the distance between the touch pairs. Certain components or equipment in less than its extra voltage, or perhaps not end its due function, connectors in less than the extra voltage can work properly. 2. Extra current: consumer factory recommended maximum operating current, in less than the extra current, connectors are generally able to operate normally. In the connector planning process, is through the connector's thermal planning to meet the additional current requirements, a) in the touching pair of current flow period, due to the existence of conductor resistance and touch resistance, touching the pair will heat up. When its heat across a certain limit, will damage the connector insulation and constitute a touch on the surface of the plating of the softening, constituting defects. b) to bind the extra current, in fact, to bind the connector internal temperature rise does not cross the planning of the rules. c) in the selection of the problem is to pay attention to: for multi-core connectors, the extra current is necessary to derate the use of the place of the large current, which should be caused by the more attention. 3. touch resistance Touch resistance refers to the two conductors in the touching part of the resistance. Connector touch resistance policy is in fact touch to resistance, which includes touch resistance and touch to conductor resistance. a) General conductor resistance is small, so the touch to resistance in many technical standards is known as the touch resistance. b) in the coupling of small signals in the circuit, be careful to give the touch resistance of the test conditions: - touching the surface will be attached to the oxidized layer, oil or other contaminants, the two touching the surface of the device will occur film The film resistance will occur on the surfaces of the two touching parts. When the thickness of the film layer increases, the resistance increases rapidly and the film layer becomes a poor conductor. Membrane layer in the high-voltage mechanical breakdown, or in high voltage, high current will occur under the electrical breakdown. 4. insulation resistance: refers to the connector insulation part of the voltage applied, and then make the insulation part of the surface or the surface of the leakage current and the resistance value. a) the primary by the insulating material, temperature, humidity, dirt and other elements of the impact. b) connector samples on the supply of the insulation resistance value is generally in the Standard atmospheric conditions under the policy value, in some environmental conditions, the insulation resistance value will not have to use the level of decline. 5. Resistance to electric strength (withstand voltage): touching each other between the insulating part of the insulating pair or insulating part of the insulating part and between the ground, in the rule of time can withstand more than the additional voltage without breakdown phenomenon of the critical voltage. a) the primary by the touching distance and creepage distance and geometric shape, insulating material As well as the environmental temperature and humidity, the impact of atmospheric pressure. 6. environmental function: automotive connector environmental functions include: temperature, humidity, salt spray, vibration, shock and so on. Selected according to the specific application environment. Such as the use of more humid environment, the connector on the humidity, salt spray resistance requirements are high, to prevent the connector's metal contacts are corroded. Generally in the car these conditions need to refer to ISO16750 to think about. 1. ambient temperature: automotive connector metal materials and insulating materials to select the connector's operating temperature. High temperature will damage the edge of the material, caused by the insulation resistance and voltage function decline; for the metal, high temperature can make the touch on the loss of elasticity, accelerate oxidation and plating metamorphosis. General ambient temperature of -40 ~ 85 special places may require higher. 2. humidity: relative humidity greater than 80%, is the cause of electrical breakdown to cause. Wet environment caused by water vapor in the insulator surface absorption and slack, simple insulation resistance decreased to MΩ level below, long-term in a high humidity environment, will cause physical deformation, composition. Escape generators, respiratory effects and electrolysis. Corrosion and cracking. Especially in the equipment outside the automotive connector, often have to think about the wet, water infiltration and pollution of the environmental conditions.3. Temperature shock: humidity drastic change test is a simulation of the use of automotive connector equipment in the cold environment into the warm environment of the theoretical use of the situation. Dramatic changes in temperature may make the insulation cracked or layered. In the north, the car from the outside into the garage or close the heating time temperature change will be very fast. 4. corrosive environment: according to the different use of automotive connectors corrosive environment, the selection of the corresponding metal. Plastic, plating structure of the connector, like the connector used in the salt spray environment, assuming that there is no anticorrosive metal surface, will make the function of rapid deterioration. This is generally in the seaside situation is particularly harsh. 5. vibration and shock: is to check the automotive connector mechanical structure of the stability and reliability of the electrical touch an important policy. Shock test should rule the peak acceleration, continuation time and shock pulse waveform, as well as electrical continuity continuous time.

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