How to improve the electrical performance of the row of pins and row of female connectors?

Optimization of electrical performance can be considered in terms of the control of existing and impending thin films located on the surface of the contact plating. One of the main requirements for the electrical performance of a pin and busbar is to establish and maintain a stable pin and busbar impedance. To accomplish this, a metallic contact interface is required to provide such inherent stability. Establishing such a contact interface requires a surface film that can be avoided or split during the contact fit. These two different choices define the difference between precious or rare metals and common metals.

To varying degrees, precious metal coatings (e.g., gold, palladium, and their alloys) are intrinsically free to the surface film. Generating metal contact at the interface is relatively simple for these coatings, since it requires only the movement of the concomitants of the contacting surfaces during mating. This is usually easily achieved. In order to maintain the stability of the impedance of the contact interface, the design of the pin and busbar requires that care should be taken to maintain the precious metal nature of the contact surface to prevent the effects of external factors such as contaminants, diffusion of the substrate metal, and contact wear. Ordinary metal plating, especially tin or tin alloy, its performance are naturally covered with a layer of oxide film. Tin contact plating works because this oxide layer is easily destroyed during mating so that metal contact can be easily established. The need for a pin and busbar design is to ensure that the oxide film breaks down when the pin and busbar are mated, while ensuring that the contact interface is no longer oxidized during the lifetime of the electro-connecting adherent. Re-oxidizing corrosion, in the case of abrasion corrosion, is the dominant performance degradation mechanism for tin contact coatings. The silver contact plating of the needle and bushing is best treated as a common metal plating, since the plating is susceptible to corrosion by sulfides and chlorides. Nickel plating is also usually treated as a common metal due to the formation of valve warps.

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