Explanation of connector performance classification and its characteristics

The basic performance of the connector can be divided into three categories: mechanical properties, electrical properties and environmental performance. Mechanical properties of the connection function, insertion and extraction force is an important mechanical properties. Insertion force is divided into insertion force and pull-out force (pull-out force is also known as separation force), the two requirements are different. In the relevant standards have the maximum insertion force and minimum separation force provisions, which indicates that, from the point of view of the use, the insertion force should be small (so that there is a low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF structure), while the separation force is too small, it will affect the reliability of the contact. Another important mechanical property is the mechanical life of the connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability (durability) indicators, in the national standard GB5095 called it mechanical operation. It is an insertion and a pull-out for a cycle, in order to specify the insertion and pull-out cycle after the connector can normally complete its connection function (such as contact resistance value) as the basis for judgment. Connector insertion and extraction force and mechanical life and contact structure (positive pressure size) contact part coating quality (sliding friction coefficient) and contact arrangement of dimensional accuracy (alignment).

Electrical performance electrical performance mainly includes contact resistance, insulation resistance, current and anti-electrical strength ① Contact resistance: high-quality electrical connectors should have a low and stable contact resistance. Connector contact resistance from a few milliohms to tens of milliohms. ② insulation resistance: a measure of the electrical connector between the contact parts and between the contact parts and the shell of the insulation performance indicators, the order of magnitude of hundreds of megohms to thousands of megohms ranging. ③ resistance to electric strength or voltage: characterize the connector between the contact or between the contact and the shell to withstand the rated test voltage, depending on the gap between the circuit (i.e., the contact spacing creepage distance) and the connector used in the insulating material. ④ current: by the electrical connector and its termination of the wire limit. Other electrical properties are electromagnetic interference leakage attenuation is to evaluate the connector of electromagnetic interference shielding effect, generally in the 100MHz ~ 10GHz frequency range test. For RF coaxial connectors, there are characteristic impedance, insertion loss, reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and other electrical indicators. Due to the development of digital technology, in order to connect and transmit high-speed digital pulse signals, a new class of connectors that high-speed signal connectors, accordingly, in terms of electrical performance, in addition to the characteristic impedance, there are some new electrical indicators, such as crosstalk (crosstalk), transmission delay (delay), time lag (skew) and so on. Environmental performance common environmental properties include temperature resistance, humidity resistance, salt spray corrosion resistance.

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