What are the ways of antenna polarization?

1. Polarization of the introduction of the antenna in the far-field conditions of radiation are transverse electromagnetic waves, the direction of the electric field vector and the magnetic field is perpendicular, and at the same time perpendicular to the propagation direction. Thus, the radio wave propagation in space, its electric field direction is according to a certain law and change, this phenomenon is called the polarization of radio waves. If the direction of the electric field of the wave is perpendicular to the ground, we call it a vertically polarized wave. Similarly, parallel to the ground, it is a horizontally polarized wave. In addition, there is ±45° polarization. Not only that, the direction of the electric field can be spirally rotating, called an elliptically polarized wave. Dual polarization, which is 2 antenna oscillators in one cell, forming two separate waves. Line polarization: viewed along the direction of electromagnetic field propagation, the electric field vector is always along a line constantly changing; as an example, the rope played as a child, swinging up and down, the rope transmits the wave is the form of line polarization. Circular polarization: Along the electromagnetic field propagation direction, the electric field vector has been in a circle, and this circle is a circle; for example, or when I was a child playing with the rope, has been drawing a circle, the rope transfer wave is the form of circular polarization. Circular polarization in the left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization, the way to distinguish is to look along the direction of the electromagnetic field to see whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise (clockwise is the right-handed circular polarization), but we can judge the time according to whether or not to meet the left-handed helix to meet is the left-handed circular polarization; vice versa is the right-handed circular polarization. Elliptical polarization: along the electromagnetic field propagation direction to see, the electric field vector has been in the circle circle circle, this circle is an elliptical circle, is the elliptical polarization. 2. the significance of the polarization of the antenna polarization is a very important parameter, the previous article talked about a number of parameters in the general view, the S-parameter to determine whether we can radiate this electromagnetic signal, gain is that we can radiate out the signal with how much power, polarization is we can radiate this signal with, the gain is how hard we can radiate this signal, and the polarization is how the signal we radiate changes form in space. Antenna polarization, in our practical application, one point is very important, is to determine the antenna send and receive settings. Vertical line polarization can't receive horizontal line polarization; left rotation can't receive right rotation. Therefore, for line polarization, when the polarization direction of the receiving antenna is the same as the line polarization direction, the maximum signal is induced; as the polarization direction of the receiving antenna deviates more and more from the line polarization direction of the transmitting end, the received signal is getting smaller and smaller; when the polarization direction of the receiving antenna is perpendicular to the line polarization direction of the transmitting end, the signal is not received at all. The line polarization method has higher requirements on the direction of the antenna. For circularly polarized antenna, no matter how the polarization direction of the receiving antenna is, the induced signal is the same and will not make any difference. Therefore circularly polarized antenna makes the system less sensitive to the direction of the antenna. A word of caution here, circular polarization can be split into two equal amplitude linearly polarized waves that are perpendicular to each other in both directions and have a phase difference of 90°; therefore when we use a linearly polarized antenna to receive a circularly polarized antenna, half of the power is lost due to the fact that the linearly polarized waves that are perpendicular to the receiving antenna can not be received.

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